Highlights
- •Elevated body temperature predicts worse outcomes after stroke.
- •Early pyrexia is associated with greater mortality and larger perihaematomal oedema in intracerebral haemorrhage.
- •Early pyrexia is associated with larger volume of perihaematomal oedema.
Abstract
Introduction
Uncertainty exists over the prognostic significance of pyrexia in acute intracerebral
haemorrhage (ICH). We aimed to determine the association of elevated body temperature
with clinical and imaging outcomes among participants of the main Intensive Blood
Pressure Reduction in Acute Cerebral Haemorrhage Trial (INTERACT2).
Methods
Post-hoc analyses of INTERACT2, an international open, blinded outcome assessed, randomised
trial of 2839 patients with spontaneous ICH (<6 h of onset) and elevated systolic
blood pressure (SBP, 150–220 mmHg) randomly assigned to intensive (SBP target <140 mmHg)
or guideline-recommended (SBP target < 180 mmHg) BP management. Multivariable logistic
regression was used to determine associations of elevated baseline body temperature
(<37.5 vs. ≥37.5 °C) and 90-day clinical outcome defined on the modified Rankin scale
(mRS). Analysis of covariance determined relations of body temperature and haematoma
and perihaematomal oedema (PHE) volumes, at baseline and 24 h post-randomisation.
Results
Of 2792 participants with data available at admission, 39 (1.4%) patients had elevated
body temperature ≥ 37.5 °C. Elevated body temperature was significantly associated
with 90-day mortality (adjusted odds ratio 2.44; 95% confidence interval 1.02–5.82;
P = .044) but not with major disability alone (mRS scores 3–5) and combination death
or major disability (mRS scores 3–6). Elevated body temperature was also associated
with larger PHE volume at baseline (10.89 vs. 3.14 cm3, P < .001;) and 24 h (12.43 vs 5.76 cm3, P = .018) but not with haematoma volumes at these time points.
Conclusion
Early pyrexia in mild to moderate ICH is associated with greater mortality and larger
PHE volume, suggesting an early inflammatory-mediated reaction.
Clinical trial registration
www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT00716079).
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: February 26, 2021
Accepted:
February 18,
2021
Received in revised form:
January 25,
2021
Received:
May 4,
2020
Identification
Copyright
© 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
