Highlights
- •GLOS might be used as surrogate marker for blood-brain barrier impairment in TGA.
- •GLOS is a novel imaging marker on FLAIR images.
- •GLOS may be observed in transient global amnesia.
Abstract
Background and purpose
We investigated the frequency and pattern of blood-brain barrier as well as blood-retina
barrier impairment in transient global amnesia (TGA) as demonstrated by hyperintense
acute reperfusion marker (HARM) and gadolinium leakage in ocular structures (GLOS)
respectively on fluid attenuated inversion recovery images (FLAIR).
Methods
Patients with TGA who underwent repeated MRI after intravenous contrast agent administration
were identified and the presence of GLOS in the anterior chamber and vitreous body
and HARM noted on FLAIR.
Results
Overall 10 patients (IQR 64.25–71.75 years; 4 (40%) patients were male) were included.
On contrast-enhanced FLAIR, GLOS was observed in 3 (30%) patients; in all of these
in the anterior chamber and vitreous body as well as bilateral and symmetrical. HARM
was observed in none of the patients. Frequency of hippocampal DWI lesions, as well
as extent of age related white matter lesions did not differ significantly between
patients with and without GLOS.
Conclusions
In contrast to HARM, GLOS is a relatively common finding in TGA patients. As GLOS
is thought to share its pathophysiology at least to some extent with HARM and is associated
with HARM in ischemic stroke, it might be used as surrogate marker for blood-brain
barrier impairment in TGA.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: July 09, 2019
Accepted:
July 8,
2019
Received in revised form:
June 9,
2019
Received:
March 27,
2019
Identification
Copyright
© 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
