For decades there has been a controversy about the classification of idiopathic inflammatory
myopathies (IIMs). In 1975, Bohan and Peter were the first to establish diagnostic
criteria for polymyositis (PM) and dermatomyositis (DM) in which the distinction between
DM and PM was solely based on the presence or absence of typical skin abnormalities.
In the 1980s based on elegant studies by Engel and Arahata a histopathological classification
was introduced in which both PM and inclusion body myositis (IBM) were characterized
by non-necrotic muscle fibers invaded by cytotoxic T-lymphocytes and in the latter
the presence of rimmed vacuoles was required.
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