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Letter to the Editor| Volume 378, P167-169, July 15, 2017

Functional brain neuroimaging-guided repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in neurodevelopmental disorders: The case of a schizencephaly-related spastic dystonia

Published:May 09, 2017DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2017.05.012
Functional brain neuroimaging-guided repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in neurodevelopmental disorders: The case of a schizencephaly-related spastic dystonia
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      Spastic dystonia is defined as tonic involuntary muscle activation at rest superimposed over spastic paresis [
      • Gracies J.M.
      Coefficients of impairment in deforming spastic paresis.
      Ann. Phys. Rehabil. Med. Jun 2015; 58: 173-178https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rehab.2015.04.004
      ]. It occurs in different pathological conditions, ranging from dopamine-dependent dystonia [
      • Wijemanne S.
      • Jankovic J.
      Dopa-responsive dystonia—clinical and genetic heterogeneity.
      Nat. Rev. Neurol. Jul 2015; 11 (Review): 414-424https://doi.org/10.1038/nrneurol.2015.86
      ] to post-stroke deforming spastic hemiparesis [
      • Gracies J.M.
      Coefficients of impairment in deforming spastic paresis.
      Ann. Phys. Rehabil. Med. Jun 2015; 58: 173-178https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rehab.2015.04.004
      ]. Even though important burden is associated to spastic dystonia, therapeutic options are scarce and mostly limited to intramuscular botulinum toxin injection and surgical partial nerve section. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been proposed as an interesting therapeutic option, but with inconsistent results [
      • Lefaucheur J.P.
      • André-Obadia N.
      • Antal A.
      • Ayache S.S.
      • Baeken C.
      • Benninger D.H.
      • et al.
      Evidence-based guidelines on the therapeutic use of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS).
      Clin. Neurophysiol. Nov 2014; 125 (Review): 2150-2206https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinph.2014.05.021
      ]. We suggest that optimized targeting based on functional brain imaging could enhance the results of rTMS in schizencephaly-related dystonia and improve our knowledge about the technical procedure to become more widely applicable in neurodevelopmental disorders.

      Keywords

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      References

        • Gracies J.M.
        Coefficients of impairment in deforming spastic paresis.
        Ann. Phys. Rehabil. Med. Jun 2015; 58: 173-178https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rehab.2015.04.004
        View in Article
        • Wijemanne S.
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        View in Article
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        View in Article
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      Article info

      Publication history

      Published online: May 09, 2017
      Accepted: May 6, 2017
      Received in revised form: April 17, 2017
      Received: February 9, 2017

      Identification

      DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2017.05.012

      Copyright

      © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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