Very prolonged capsular warning syndrome

Naoki Makita; Yasumasa Yamamoto; Yoshinari Nagakane; Shinji Ashida; Toshiki Mizuno

doi:10.1016/j.jns.2015.03.023

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Very prolonged capsular warning syndrome

Naoki Makita ¹
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1 Tel.: +81 75 251 5615; fax: +81 75 251 5909.
Naoki Makita
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1 Tel.: +81 75 251 5615; fax: +81 75 251 5909.
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Department of Neurology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajiicho, Kamigyoku, Kyoto, Japan
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Yasumasa Yamamoto
Yasumasa Yamamoto
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Corresponding author at: Department of Neurology, Kyoto Katura Hospital, Japan. Tel.: +81 75 391 5811; fax: +81 75 381 4224.
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Department of Neurology, Kyoto Katura Hospital, 17 Yamada Hiraocho, Nishikyoku, Kyoto, Japan
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Yoshinari Nagakane
Yoshinari Nagakane
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Department of Neurology, Kyoto Second Red Cross Hospital, 355-5 Haruobicho, Kamigyoku, Kyoto 602, Japan
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Shinji Ashida
Shinji Ashida
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Department of Neurology, Kyoto Second Red Cross Hospital, 355-5 Haruobicho, Kamigyoku, Kyoto 602, Japan
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Toshiki Mizuno ¹
Author Footnotes
1 Tel.: +81 75 251 5615; fax: +81 75 251 5909.
Toshiki Mizuno
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Footnotes
1 Tel.: +81 75 251 5615; fax: +81 75 251 5909.
Affiliations
Department of Neurology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajiicho, Kamigyoku, Kyoto, Japan
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1 Tel.: +81 75 251 5615; fax: +81 75 251 5909.

Published:March 25, 2015DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2015.03.023

Capsular warning syndrome (CWS) was first described by Donnan in 1993 to describe recurrent stereotyped episodes of transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) that often lead to infarction in the corresponding anatomical location, usually in the lenticulostriate artery territory [

[1]

Donnan G.A.
O'Malley H.M.
Quang L.
Hurley S.
Bladin P.F.

The capsular warning syndrome: pathogenesis and clinical features.

]. The mechanism is believed to be small single perforating artery disease. A hemodynamic ischemic process in the territory of the penetrating arteries caused by high-grade stenosis of proximal penetrating arteries due to microatherosclerosis has been postulated [

1

Donnan G.A.
O'Malley H.M.
Quang L.
Hurley S.
Bladin P.F.

The capsular warning syndrome: pathogenesis and clinical features.

,

2

Lalive P.H.
Mayor I.
Sztajzel R.

The role of blood pressure in lacunar strokes preceded by TIAs.

,

3

Caplan L.R.

Intracranial branch atheromatous disease: a neglected, understudied, and underused concept.

]. The risk of developing a capsular stroke is considered to be high in patients with CWS [

1

Donnan G.A.
O'Malley H.M.
Quang L.
Hurley S.
Bladin P.F.

The capsular warning syndrome: pathogenesis and clinical features.

,

4

Paul N.L.
Simoni M.
Chandratheva A.
Rothwell P.M.

Population-based study of capsular warning syndrome and prognosis after early recurrent TIA.

].

Keywords

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References

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The capsular warning syndrome: pathogenesis and clinical features.
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The role of blood pressure in lacunar strokes preceded by TIAs.
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Published online: March 25, 2015

Accepted: March 13, 2015

Received in revised form: March 11, 2015

Received: February 25, 2015

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2015.03.023

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