Abstract
This review summarizes recent research contributions by Dr. Robert Lisak in collaboration
with Dr. Joyce Benjamins on direct effects of secretory products of immune cells on
neurons and glia. Highlights from studies analyzing cytokine-induced changes in early
gene expression in mixed CNS glial cultures focus on comparison of potential damaging
effects of pro-inflammatory cytokines versus protective effects of downregulatory
cytokines. The three categories of changes examined include (a) immune-related molecules,
(b) neurotrophins, growth factors and structural proteins, and (c) molecules associated
with metabolism, signaling and regulation. Subsequent studies in CNS neuronal cultures
showed that early responses of neurons to cytokines were fewer in number and lower
in magnitude than in glia, consistent with the idea that microglia and astroglia serve
as “first responders” to inflammatory signals. To explore the hypothesis that B cells
of patients with multiple sclerosis secrete soluble products damaging to oligodendroglia
(OL), in collaboration with Dr. Bar-Or at Montreal Neurologic Institute, we compared
secretory products of cultured B cells from relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis
(RRMS) patients and healthy controls. In support of the hypothesis, 7 supernatants
from RRMS B cells induced death of rat OL in vitro, while 3 of 4 control samples did
not.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: July 08, 2013
Accepted:
June 2,
2013
Received in revised form:
May 30,
2013
Received:
March 31,
2013
Identification
Copyright
© 2013 Elsevier B.V. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
