Abstract
To overcome the limited capacity of the CNS for regeneration, the theoretical alternative
would be to use stem cells for more effective management of chronic degenerative and
inflammatory neurological conditions, and also of acute neuronal damage from injuries
or cerebrovascular diseases. Although the adult brain contains small numbers of stem
cells in restricted areas, this intrinsic stem cell repertoire is small and does not
measurably contribute to functional recovery. Embryonic cells carrying pluripotent
and self-renewal properties represent the stem cell prototype, but there are additional
somatic stem cells that may be harvested and expanded from various tissues during
adult life. Stem cell transplantation is based on the assumption that such cells may
have the potential to regenerate or support the survival of the existing, partially
damaged cells. This review summarizes the state-of-the-art and the clinical worldwide
experience with the use of various types of stem cells in neurological diseases.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: October 29, 2012
Accepted:
September 27,
2012
Received in revised form:
September 26,
2012
Received:
March 21,
2012
Identification
Copyright
© 2012 Elsevier B.V. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
