Abstract
In the last two decades functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has dominated
research in neuroscience. However, only recently has it taken the first steps in translation
to the clinical field. In this paper we describe the advantages of fMRI and DTI and
the possible benefits of implementing these methods in clinical practice. We review
the current clinical usages of fMRI and DTI and discuss the challenges and difficulties
of translating these methods to clinical use. The most common application today is
in neurosurgery. fMRI and DTI are done preoperatively for brain tumor patients who
are having tumors removed and for epilepsy patients who are candidates for temporal
resection. Imaging results supply the neurosurgeon with essential information regarding
possible functional damage and thereby aid both in planning and performing surgery.
Scientific research suggests more promising potential implementations of fMRI and
DTI in improving diagnosis and rehabilitation. These advanced imaging methods can
be used for pre-symptomatic diagnosis, as a differentiating biomarker in the absence
of anatomical measurements, and for identification of mental response in the absence
of motor-sensory abilities. These methods can aid and direct rehabilitation by predicting
the success of possible interventions and rehabilitation options and by supplying
a measure for biofeedback. This review opens a window to the state of the art neuroimaging
methods being implemented these days into the clinical practice and provides a glance
to the future clinical possibilities of fMRI and DTI.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: August 24, 2011
Accepted:
July 22,
2011
Received in revised form:
June 16,
2011
Received:
April 25,
2011
Identification
Copyright
© 2011 Elsevier B.V. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
