Abstract
Dementia is a frequent and devastating non-motor complication of advanced Parkinson's
disease (PD). There is growing evidence of a synergistic role of Alzheimer's-type
brain lesions containing τ and amyloid-β (Aβ) proteins and cortical Lewy aggregates
in PD-related dementia (PDD). Therefore, biomarkers of both τ and Aβ may be seen as
diagnostic and predictive markers of PDD. Here, we review the available studies in
PD and PDD using cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) total τ, phospho-τ, and/or Aβ levels, and
PET probes targeting Alzheimer's-type lesions. Overall, high CSF τ and phospho-τ levels
and/or low CSF Aβ levels have been found in part of PDD patients, and a longitudinal
study has found greater worsening in cognitive performance over time in non-demented
PD patients with low baseline CSF Aβ levels. Few studies are available on the use
of PET imaging in PD, all of them using the Pittsburgh B compound (PIB), and with
figures of about 30% of scans with PIB uptake in the AD-range in PDD. We conclude
that these CSF and PET markers deserve further evaluation as candidate biomarkers
of dementia in PD. According to this, we are currently undertaking a longitudinal
project on the predictive value of dementia of the combined use of CSF τ and Aβ and
18F-FDDNP PET in PD.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: July 18, 2011
Accepted:
June 25,
2011
Received in revised form:
June 3,
2011
Received:
March 14,
2011
Identification
Copyright
© 2011 Elsevier B.V. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
