Abstract
Anorectal symptoms are frequently found in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD),
mainly manifested as diffuse lower abdominal discomfort, constipation, and fecal incontinence.
Among these symptoms, constipation may precede by years the motor manifestations of
PD. Research has focused for decades on selection of a measurement method for detection
of abnormalities and support of clinometric instruments for anorectal symptoms. We
review those manifestations and their contribution to evaluation of the anorectal
symptoms in patients with PD.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: June 22, 2011
Accepted:
May 31,
2011
Received in revised form:
May 23,
2011
Received:
March 13,
2011
Footnotes
☆Conflict of interests: none.
Identification
Copyright
© 2011 Elsevier B.V. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
