Abstract
Demyelination is a pathological hallmark of multiple sclerosis (MS), a chronic autoimmune
disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects mainly young people in western
countries. Recent studies have shown that remyelination can be accomplished by supplying
demyelinated regions with myelinogenic cells or neural stem cells via transplantation.
The remyelinating effect of these cells may be via one or more mechanisms, including:
1) as an immunomodulator by producing soluble factors; 2) direct cell replacement
by differentiating into neural and glial cells in the lesion; and 3) indirect action
by promoting neural and glial differentiation of endogenous cells. Identifying these
mechanisms will help in choosing an optimal and more effective approach for cell-based
therapy. Here we present a brief view focusing on myelin-forming cell types that can
be used for cell transplantation and draw on a variety of recent experimental findings
to speculate on the likely future evolution of remyelinating therapies.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Accepted:
August 19,
2008
Received in revised form:
August 14,
2008
Received:
May 5,
2008
Identification
Copyright
© 2008 Elsevier B.V. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
