Guide for Authors Journal

Submission
Electronic submission via the Web using EES. The preferred medium of submission to the accepting Editor is online with the accompanying manuscript, illustrations, tables and annexes. Submission of a paper to Journal of the Neurological Sciences is understood to imply that it has not previously been published (except in abstract form) and that it is not being published elsewhere. Submitted manuscripts should be accompanied by a statement undersigned by all listed authors that they concur with the submission and that the manuscript has been approved by the responsible authorities where the work was carried out. If accepted, the manuscript shall not be published elsewhere in the same form in either the same or any other language, without the consent of the Editor and Publisher. The decision of the Editor is final. The Editor cannot enter into correspondence about a paper considered unsuitable for publication.

Journal of the Neurological Sciences uses an online, electronic submission system called EES (Elsevier Editorial System). By accessing the following website:
http://ees.elsevier.com/jns
you will be guided stepwise through the creation and uploading of the various files. When submitting a manuscript to EES, authors need to provide an electronic version of their manuscript. The author should select from a list, the article type of their manuscript (Clinical Research Paper, Clinical Short Communication, Basic Research Paper, Review Article, Letter to the Editor etc.) and may provide keywords and comments to the Editor separately. Details of up to five potential reviewers should accompany the submission. These can be provided in the comments box or at a later stage when uploading the files for submission. It would not be appropriate to nominate individuals that have had any input into the manuscripts submitted or any recent collaboration with the authors. The Editors may or may not take these suggestions into account during the reviewing process. Authors may send queries concerning the submission process, manuscript status, or journal procedures to the Editorial Office (e-mail: jns.el@med.wayne.edu). Once the uploading is done, the system automatically generates an electronic (PDF) proof, which is then used for reviewing. All correspondence, including the Editor's decision and request for revisions, will be by e-mail.
There is an online tutorial for authors and online support for technical problems or questions via Elsevier's Author Support team (authorsupport@elsevier.com).

Language Editing
We have successfully negotiated with eight language editing companies to provide language editing services to our authors at competitive rates.
American Journal Experts, Asia Science Editing, Diacritech Language Editing Services, Edanz Editing, International Science Editing, ScienceDocs Editing Services and SPI Publisher.
Services provide language and copy editing services globally to authors who wish to publish in scientific, technical and medical peer-reviewed journals and would like assistance either before they submit an article for peer review or before it is accepted for publication. Use of an English-language editing service listed here is not mandatory, and will not guarantee acceptance or preference for publication in an Elsevier journal.
Information can be found via http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/authors.authors/languagepolishing
Please note: Elsevier neither endorses nor takes responsibility for any product, goods or services offered by outside vendors through our services or advertised on this website.

Illustrations
Each illustration should be numbered in Arabic numerals (Fig. 1, Fig. 2, etc.) and must be referred to in the text. An illustration, together with its legend, should be understandable with minimal reference to the text.
Lettering should be of professional standard and large enough to withstand reduction. All photographs must be submitted preferably no smaller than 4x5" (10 x 12 cm) and no larger than 8x10" (20 x 25 cm). The degree of reproduction will be determined by the Publisher.

Colour Reproduction
Reproduction in colour will have to be approved by the Editor. Authors will be required to pay a fee towards the extra costs incurred in colour reproduction. The charges are Euro 300.00 for the first page involving colour, and Euro 200.00 per page for all subsequent pages involving colour in a given article (all prices including sales tax).
If, together with your accepted article, you submit usable colour figures then Elsevier will ensure, at no additional charge, that these figures will appear in colour on the web (e.g., ScienceDirect and other sites) regardless of whether or not these illustrations are reproduced in colour in the printed version. For colour reproduction in print, you will receive information regarding the costs from Elsevier after receipt of your accepted article. For further information on the preparation of electronic artwork, please see http://authors.elsevier.com/artwork
Please note: Because of technical complications which can arise by converting colour figures to 'grey scale' (for the printed version should you not opt for colour in print) please submit in addition useable black and white versions corresponding to all the colour illustrations.

Preparation of Supplementary Data (Multimedia Components)
Elsevier accepts electronic supplementary material to support and enhance your scientific research. Supplementary files offer the author additional possibilities to publish supporting figures, tables, applications, movies, animation sequences, high-resolution images, background datasets, sound clips and more. Supplementary files supplied will be published online alongside the electronic version of your article in Elsevier web products, including ScienceDirect ( http://www.sciencedirect.com). In order to ensure that your submitted material is directly usable, please ensure that data is provided in one of our recommended file formats. Contact the Editorial Office prior to submission.

Legends for Figures
Legends for figures must be typed, also with double spacing, on separate pages. If illustrations from previous articles or books are to be used in papers submitted to the Journal of the Neurological Sciences, the written permission of both author and publisher must accompany each illustration.

Tables
Tables must be typed, with double spacing, on separate pages and should be provided with a short descriptive heading and, if applicable, a legend.

Abstract
An abstract of approximately 200 words is mandatory at the beginning of each article. Authors' full names, academic or professional affiliations, and complete addresses must be included on the title page.

Keywords
6-8 items must be included on the title page. Authors are encouraged to choose their own keywords, but Medical Subject Headings (issued with the January Index Medicus, latest edition) may be used as a guideline.

References
References to literature must be indicated by Arabic numerals which run consecutively through the paper. Where a reference is cited more than once in the text the same number should be used each time. Reference style should follow the "Vancouver" style described in the "Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals" (published in N Engl J Med 1997;336:309-315). The titles of journals should be abbreviated in conformity with Index Medicus. The following are sample styles:

[1] Bondi M, Kaszniak A. Implicit and explicit memory in Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 1991;13:339-58.
[2] Wechsler D. Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale. New York: Grune & Stratton, 1976.
[3] Hirst W, Volpe B. Automatic and effortful encoding in amnesia. In: Gazzaniga M, editor. Handbook of cognitive neuroscience. New York: Plenum Press, 1984:369-86.
Please ensure that references are complete, i.e. that they include, where relevant, the author's name, article or book title, volume and issue number, publisher and publisher's location, and page reference.
This journal should be abbreviated as J Neurol Sci.

Changes to authorship
This policy concerns the addition, deletion, or rearrangement of author names in the authorship of accepted manuscripts:Before the accepted manuscript is published in an online issue: Requests to add or remove an author, or to rearrange the author names, must be sent to the Editor-in-Chief from the corresponding author of the accepted manuscript and must include: (a) the reason the name should be added or removed, or the author names rearranged and (b) written confirmation (e-mail, fax, letter) from all authors that they agree with the addition, removal or rearrangement. In the case of addition or removal of authors, this includes confirmation from the author being added or removed. Requests that are not sent by the corresponding author will be forwarded by the Editor-in-Chief to the corresponding author, who must follow the procedure as described above. Note that: (1) Editor-in-Chief will inform the Journal Manager of any such requests and (2) publication of the accepted manuscript in an online issue is suspended until authorship has been agreed. After the accepted manuscript is published in an online issue: Any requests to add, delete, or rearrange author names in an article published in an online issue will follow the same policies as noted above and result in a corrigendum.

Funding body agreements and policies
Elsevier has established agreements and developed policies to allow authors whose articles appear in journals published by elsevier, to comply with potential manuscript archiving requirements as specified as conditions of their grant awards. To learn more about existing agreements and policies please visit http://www.elsevier.com/fundingbodies

Informed Consent/Ethics of Experimentation
Authors reporting experimental studies on humans must specify that the research received prior approval by the appropriate institutional review body and that informed consent was obtained from each subject or patient. Manuscripts describing investigations in animals must clearly indicate the steps taken to eliminate pain and suffering. Approval by the appropriate animal experimentation committee should be indicated. Authors have a duty to protect their subjects, animal or human, and to show clearly in their writing a recognition of the moral issues involved.

Phase III Trials
Manuscripts reporting the results of Phase III trials must follow the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) guidelines. For more information on these guidelines, please refer to: Begg, C, Cho, M. Eastwood, S, et al. Improving the quality of randomized controlled trials: the CONSORT statement. JAMA 1996; 276:637-639.
Schulz, KF. The quest for unbiased research: Randomized clinical trials and the CONSORT reporting guidelines. Ann Neurol 1997; 41:569-573.

Potential Conflict of Interest Disclosure
Authors must include in the cover letter accompanying the article submitted for review a full disclosure of all conflicts of interest and commercial relationships including grants, honoraria, speaker's lists, significant ownership, and/or support from pharmaceutical or other companies such as manufactures of equipment, diagnostic or other laboratories whose products are directly or indirectly involved or affected by the article. Authors must explicitly acknowledge the source of support for the study submitted both in the letter and as a separate page of the manuscript.

The principal author must declare in writing that he or she will take full responsibility for the data, the analyses and interpretation, and the conduct of the research; that he or she had full access to all of the data; and that he or she had the right to publish any and all data, separate and apart from the attitudes of the sponsor. Without these written assurances in the cover letter at the time of submission, we will not consider the paper for review.

Proofs
One set of page proofs in PDF format will be sent by e-mail to the corresponding Author (if we do not have an e-mail address then paper proofs will be sent by post). Elsevier now sends PDF proofs which can be annotated; for this you will need to download Adobe Reader version 7 available free from http://www.adobe.com/products/acrobat/readstep2.html. Instructions on how to annotate PDF files will accompany the proofs.

If you do not wish to use the PDF annotations function, you may list the corrections (including replies to the Query Form) and return to Elsevier in an e-mail. Please list your corrections quoting line number. If, for any reason, this is not possible, then mark the corrections and any other comments (including replies to the Query Form) on a printout of your proof and return by fax, or scan the pages and e-mail, or by post. Please use this proof only for checking the typesetting, editing, completeness and correctness of the text, tables and figures. Significant changes to the article as accepted for publication will only be considered at this stage with permission from the Editor. We will do everything possible to get your article published quickly and accurately. Therefore, it is important to ensure that all of your corrections are sent back to us in one communication within 48 hours: please check carefully before replying, as inclusion of any subsequent corrections cannot be guaranteed. Proofreading is solely your responsibility. Note that Elsevier may proceed with the publication of your article if no response is received.

Contact details for question arising after acceptance of an article, especially those relating to proofs, are provided when an article is accepted for publication.

Offprints
The corresponding author, at no cost, will be provided with a PDF file of the article via e-mail. The PDF file is a watermarked version of the published article and includes a cover sheet with the journal cover image and a disclaimer outlining the terms and conditions of use.

Author enquiries
Authors can keep a track on the progress of their accepted article, and set up email alerts informing them of changes to their manuscript's status, by using the "Track a Paper" feature. Please go to http:///www.elsevier.com/trackarticle ( http://www.elsevier.com/trackarticle.

Full details for the electronic submission of artwork can be obtained from http://www.elsevier.com/authors Guide for Authors Journal

Submission
Electronic submission via the Web using EES. The preferred medium of submission to the accepting Editor is online with the accompanying manuscript, illustrations, tables and annexes. Submission of a paper to Journal of the Neurological Sciences is understood to imply that it has not previously been published (except in abstract form) and that it is not being published elsewhere. Submitted manuscripts should be accompanied by a statement undersigned by all listed authors that they concur with the submission and that the manuscript has been approved by the responsible authorities where the work was carried out. If accepted, the manuscript shall not be published elsewhere in the same form in either the same or any other language, without the consent of the Editor and Publisher. The decision of the Editor is final. The Editor cannot enter into correspondence about a paper considered unsuitable for publication.

Journal of the Neurological Sciences uses an online, electronic submission system called EES (Elsevier Editorial System). By accessing the following website:
http://ees.elsevier.com/jns
you will be guided stepwise through the creation and uploading of the various files. When submitting a manuscript to EES, authors need to provide an electronic version of their manuscript. The author should select from a list, the article type of their manuscript (Clinical Research Paper, Clinical Short Communication, Basic Research Paper, Review Article, Letter to the Editor etc.) and may provide keywords and comments to the Editor separately. Details of up to five potential reviewers should accompany the submission. These can be provided in the comments box or at a later stage when uploading the files for submission. It would not be appropriate to nominate individuals that have had any input into the manuscripts submitted or any recent collaboration with the authors. The Editors may or may not take these suggestions into account during the reviewing process. Authors may send queries concerning the submission process, manuscript status, or journal procedures to the Editorial Office (e-mail: jns.el@med.wayne.edu). Once the uploading is done, the system automatically generates an electronic (PDF) proof, which is then used for reviewing. All correspondence, including the Editor's decision and request for revisions, will be by e-mail.
There is an online tutorial for authors and online support for technical problems or questions via Elsevier's Author Support team (authorsupport@elsevier.com).

Language Editing
We have successfully negotiated with eight language editing companies to provide language editing services to our authors at competitive rates.
American Journal Experts, Asia Science Editing, Diacritech Language Editing Services, Edanz Editing, International Science Editing, ScienceDocs Editing Services and SPI Publisher.
Services provide language and copy editing services globally to authors who wish to publish in scientific, technical and medical peer-reviewed journals and would like assistance either before they submit an article for peer review or before it is accepted for publication. Use of an English-language editing service listed here is not mandatory, and will not guarantee acceptance or preference for publication in an Elsevier journal.
Information can be found via http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/authors.authors/languagepolishing
Please note: Elsevier neither endorses nor takes responsibility for any product, goods or services offered by outside vendors through our services or advertised on this website.

Illustrations
Each illustration should be numbered in Arabic numerals (Fig. 1, Fig. 2, etc.) and must be referred to in the text. An illustration, together with its legend, should be understandable with minimal reference to the text.
Lettering should be of professional standard and large enough to withstand reduction. All photographs must be submitted preferably no smaller than 4x5" (10 x 12 cm) and no larger than 8x10" (20 x 25 cm). The degree of reproduction will be determined by the Publisher.

Colour Reproduction
Reproduction in colour will have to be approved by the Editor. Authors will be required to pay a fee towards the extra costs incurred in colour reproduction. The charges are Euro 300.00 for the first page involving colour, and Euro 200.00 per page for all subsequent pages involving colour in a given article (all prices including sales tax).
If, together with your accepted article, you submit usable colour figures then Elsevier will ensure, at no additional charge, that these figures will appear in colour on the web (e.g., ScienceDirect and other sites) regardless of whether or not these illustrations are reproduced in colour in the printed version. For colour reproduction in print, you will receive information regarding the costs from Elsevier after receipt of your accepted article. For further information on the preparation of electronic artwork, please see http://authors.elsevier.com/artwork
Please note: Because of technical complications which can arise by converting colour figures to 'grey scale' (for the printed version should you not opt for colour in print) please submit in addition useable black and white versions corresponding to all the colour illustrations.

Preparation of Supplementary Data (Multimedia Components)
Elsevier accepts electronic supplementary material to support and enhance your scientific research. Supplementary files offer the author additional possibilities to publish supporting figures, tables, applications, movies, animation sequences, high-resolution images, background datasets, sound clips and more. Supplementary files supplied will be published online alongside the electronic version of your article in Elsevier web products, including ScienceDirect ( http://www.sciencedirect.com). In order to ensure that your submitted material is directly usable, please ensure that data is provided in one of our recommended file formats. Contact the Editorial Office prior to submission.

Legends for Figures
Legends for figures must be typed, also with double spacing, on separate pages. If illustrations from previous articles or books are to be used in papers submitted to the Journal of the Neurological Sciences, the written permission of both author and publisher must accompany each illustration.

Tables
Tables must be typed, with double spacing, on separate pages and should be provided with a short descriptive heading and, if applicable, a legend.

Abstract
An abstract of approximately 200 words is mandatory at the beginning of each article. Authors' full names, academic or professional affiliations, and complete addresses must be included on the title page.

Keywords
6-8 items must be included on the title page. Authors are encouraged to choose their own keywords, but Medical Subject Headings (issued with the January Index Medicus, latest edition) may be used as a guideline.

References
References to literature must be indicated by Arabic numerals which run consecutively through the paper. Where a reference is cited more than once in the text the same number should be used each time. Reference style should follow the "Vancouver" style described in the "Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals" (published in N Engl J Med 1997;336:309-315). The titles of journals should be abbreviated in conformity with Index Medicus. The following are sample styles:

[1] Bondi M, Kaszniak A. Implicit and explicit memory in Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 1991;13:339-58.
[2] Wechsler D. Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale. New York: Grune & Stratton, 1976.
[3] Hirst W, Volpe B. Automatic and effortful encoding in amnesia. In: Gazzaniga M, editor. Handbook of cognitive neuroscience. New York: Plenum Press, 1984:369-86.
Please ensure that references are complete, i.e. that they include, where relevant, the author's name, article or book title, volume and issue number, publisher and publisher's location, and page reference.
This journal should be abbreviated as J Neurol Sci.

Changes to authorship
This policy concerns the addition, deletion, or rearrangement of author names in the authorship of accepted manuscripts:Before the accepted manuscript is published in an online issue: Requests to add or remove an author, or to rearrange the author names, must be sent to the Editor-in-Chief from the corresponding author of the accepted manuscript and must include: (a) the reason the name should be added or removed, or the author names rearranged and (b) written confirmation (e-mail, fax, letter) from all authors that they agree with the addition, removal or rearrangement. In the case of addition or removal of authors, this includes confirmation from the author being added or removed. Requests that are not sent by the corresponding author will be forwarded by the Editor-in-Chief to the corresponding author, who must follow the procedure as described above. Note that: (1) Editor-in-Chief will inform the Journal Manager of any such requests and (2) publication of the accepted manuscript in an online issue is suspended until authorship has been agreed. After the accepted manuscript is published in an online issue: Any requests to add, delete, or rearrange author names in an article published in an online issue will follow the same policies as noted above and result in a corrigendum.

Funding body agreements and policies
Elsevier has established agreements and developed policies to allow authors whose articles appear in journals published by elsevier, to comply with potential manuscript archiving requirements as specified as conditions of their grant awards. To learn more about existing agreements and policies please visit http://www.elsevier.com/fundingbodies

Informed Consent/Ethics of Experimentation
Authors reporting experimental studies on humans must specify that the research received prior approval by the appropriate institutional review body and that informed consent was obtained from each subject or patient. Manuscripts describing investigations in animals must clearly indicate the steps taken to eliminate pain and suffering. Approval by the appropriate animal experimentation committee should be indicated. Authors have a duty to protect their subjects, animal or human, and to show clearly in their writing a recognition of the moral issues involved.

Phase III Trials
Manuscripts reporting the results of Phase III trials must follow the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) guidelines. For more information on these guidelines, please refer to: Begg, C, Cho, M. Eastwood, S, et al. Improving the quality of randomized controlled trials: the CONSORT statement. JAMA 1996; 276:637-639.
Schulz, KF. The quest for unbiased research: Randomized clinical trials and the CONSORT reporting guidelines. Ann Neurol 1997; 41:569-573.

Potential Conflict of Interest Disclosure
Authors must include in the cover letter accompanying the article submitted for review a full disclosure of all conflicts of interest and commercial relationships including grants, honoraria, speaker's lists, significant ownership, and/or support from pharmaceutical or other companies such as manufactures of equipment, diagnostic or other laboratories whose products are directly or indirectly involved or affected by the article. Authors must explicitly acknowledge the source of support for the study submitted both in the letter and as a separate page of the manuscript.

The principal author must declare in writing that he or she will take full responsibility for the data, the analyses and interpretation, and the conduct of the research; that he or she had full access to all of the data; and that he or she had the right to publish any and all data, separate and apart from the attitudes of the sponsor. Without these written assurances in the cover letter at the time of submission, we will not consider the paper for review.

Proofs
One set of page proofs in PDF format will be sent by e-mail to the corresponding Author (if we do not have an e-mail address then paper proofs will be sent by post). Elsevier now sends PDF proofs which can be annotated; for this you will need to download Adobe Reader version 7 available free from http://www.adobe.com/products/acrobat/readstep2.html. Instructions on how to annotate PDF files will accompany the proofs.

If you do not wish to use the PDF annotations function, you may list the corrections (including replies to the Query Form) and return to Elsevier in an e-mail. Please list your corrections quoting line number. If, for any reason, this is not possible, then mark the corrections and any other comments (including replies to the Query Form) on a printout of your proof and return by fax, or scan the pages and e-mail, or by post. Please use this proof only for checking the typesetting, editing, completeness and correctness of the text, tables and figures. Significant changes to the article as accepted for publication will only be considered at this stage with permission from the Editor. We will do everything possible to get your article published quickly and accurately. Therefore, it is important to ensure that all of your corrections are sent back to us in one communication within 48 hours: please check carefully before replying, as inclusion of any subsequent corrections cannot be guaranteed. Proofreading is solely your responsibility. Note that Elsevier may proceed with the publication of your article if no response is received.

Contact details for question arising after acceptance of an article, especially those relating to proofs, are provided when an article is accepted for publication.

Offprints
The corresponding author, at no cost, will be provided with a PDF file of the article via e-mail. The PDF file is a watermarked version of the published article and includes a cover sheet with the journal cover image and a disclaimer outlining the terms and conditions of use.

Author enquiries
Authors can keep a track on the progress of their accepted article, and set up email alerts informing them of changes to their manuscript's status, by using the "Track a Paper" feature. Please go to http:///www.elsevier.com/trackarticle ( http://www.elsevier.com/trackarticle.

Full details for the electronic submission of artwork can be obtained from http://www.elsevier.com/authors