Journal of the Neurological Sciences
Volume 288, Issue 1 , Pages 123-128 , 15 January 2010

Relation of baseline presence and severity of renal disease to long-term mortality in persons with known stroke

  • Chizobam Ani

      Affiliations

    • Department of Medicine, Charles Drew University of Medicine and Science, USA
  • ,
  • Bruce Ovbiagele

      Affiliations

    • Stroke Center and Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, 710 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Tel.: +1 310 794 6379; fax: +1 310 267 2063.

Received 1 July 2009 ,Revised 19 August 2009 ,Accepted 22 September 2009.

References 

  1. Weiner DE, Tighiouart H, Stark PC, et al. Kidney disease as a risk factor for recurrent cardiovascular disease and mortality. Am J Kidney Dis. 2004;44(2):198–206
  2. Koren-Morag N, Goldbourt U, Tanne D. Renal dysfunction and risk of ischemic stroke or TIA in patients with cardiovascular disease. Neurology. 2006;67(2):224–228
  3. Ovbiagele B. Impairment in glomerular filtration rate or glomerular filtration barrier and occurrence of stroke. Arch Neurol. 2008;65(7):934–938
  4. Anavekar NS, McMurray JJ, Velazquez EJ, et al. Relation between renal dysfunction and cardiovascular outcomes after myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med. 2004;351(13):1285–1295
  5. Baumelou A, Bruckert E, Bagnis C, Deray G. Renal disease in cardiovascular disorders: an underrecognized problem. Am J Nephrol. 2005;25(2):95–105
  6. Brosius FC, Hostetter TH, Kelepouris E, et al. Detection of chronic kidney disease in patients with or at increased risk of cardiovascular disease: a science advisory from the American Heart Association Kidney And Cardiovascular Disease Council; the Councils on High Blood Pressure Research, Cardiovascular Disease in the Young, and Epidemiology and Prevention; and the Quality of Care and Outcomes Research Interdisciplinary Working Group: developed in collaboration with the National Kidney Foundation. Circulation. 2006;114(10):1083–1087
  7. Hartmann A, Rundek T, Mast H, Paik MC, Boden-Albala B, Mohr JP, et al. Mortality and causes of death after first ischemic stroke: The Northern Manhattan Stroke Study. Neurology. 2001;57:2000–2005
  8. Tsagalis G, Akrivos T, Alevizaki M, et al. Long-term prognosis of acute kidney injury after first acute stroke. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2009;4(3):616–622
  9. Friedman PJ. Serum creatinine: an independent predictor of survival after stroke. J Intern Med. 1991;229(2):175–179
  10. MacWalter RS, Wong SYS, Wong KYK, et al. Does renal dysfunction predict mortality after acute stroke? A 7-year follow-up study. Stroke. 2002;33:1630–1635
  11. Yahalom G, Schwartz R, Schwammenthal Y, et al. Chronic kidney disease and clinical outcome in patients with acute stroke. Stroke. 2009;40(4):1296–1303
  12. Slowik A, Turaj W, Iskra T, Strojny J, Szczudlik A. Microalbuminuria in nondiabetic patients with acute ischemic stroke: prevalence, clinical correlates, and prognostic significance. Cerebrovasc Dis. 2002;14(1):15–21
  13. Levey AS, Coresh J, Balk E, et al. National Kidney Foundation practice guidelines for chronic kidney disease: evaluation, classification, and stratification. Ann Intern Med. 2003;139(2):137–147
  14. National Center for Health Statistics. Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988–1994. NHANES III examination data file. (Public-use data file on CD-ROM) (1996) Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics. (Catalog no. 76200).
  15. National Center for Health Statistics. Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988–1994. NHANES III laboratory data file. (Public-use data file on CD-ROM) (1996) Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics. (Catalog no. 76300).
  16. National Center for Health Statistics. Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988–1994. NHANES III household adult data file. (Public-use data file on CD-ROM) (1996) Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics. (Catalog no. 77560).
  17. National Center for Health Statistics. Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988–1994. NHANES III household youth data file. (Public-use data file on CD-ROM) (1996) Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics. (Catalog no. 77550).
  18. National Center for Health Statistics. Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988–1994. NHANES III total nutrient intakes file. (Public-use data file on CD-ROM, series 11, no. 2A) (1998) Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics.
  19. National Center for Health Statistics. Data collection forms: Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Hyattsville, Md: National Center for Health Statistics; 1991;
  20. National Center for Health Statistics. Sample design: Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Vital Health Stat 1. Hyattsville, Md; 1992.
  21. National Center for Health Statistics. Plan and operation of the Third National Health and Examination Survey, 1988–1994. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics. (DHHS publication no. (PHS) 94-1308) (GPO no. 017-022-01260-0). 1994;
  22. National Center for Health Statistics. Analytic and reporting guidelines: The Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, NHANES III (1988–1994) (1996) Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics.
  23. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: NCHS Research Data Center (RDC). NHANES III linked mortality file; 2007.
  24. World Health Organization. International classification of diseases, ninth revision, clinical modification (ICD-9-CM). Washington, DC: Health Care Financing Administration, Public Health Service, US Department of Health and Human Services; 1991.
  25. World Health Organization. International statistical classification of diseases and related health problems; Tenth Revision. (1992) 1. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 1992.
  26. United States Census Bureau: Age Data. Can be found at http://www.census.gov/population/www/socdemo/age.html. Last accessed on October 25, 2008.
  27. Rosamond W, Flegal K, Friday G, et al. Heart disease and stroke statistics—2007 update. A report from the American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee. Circulation. 2006;115:e69–171
  28. Levey AS, Bosch JP, Lewis JB, Greene T, Rogers N, Roth D. A more accurate method to estimate glomerular filtration rate from serum creatinine: a new prediction equation. Modification of diet in Renal Disease Study Group. Ann Intern Med. 1999;130(6):461–470
  29. Levey ASGT, Kusek JW, Beck GJ. A simplified equation to predict glomerular filtration rate from serum creatinine. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2000;(l 11):155A
  30. Carter AM, Catto AJ, Mansfield MW, Bamford JM, Grant PJ. In: Predictive variables for mortality after acute ischemic stroke. 2007;p. 1873–1880
  31. Sheikh K, Bullock CM. In: Effect of measurement on sex difference in stroke mortality. 2007;p. 1085–1087
  32. Yuyun MF, Khaw KT, Luben R, et al. Microalbuminuria and stroke in a British population: the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer in Norfolk (EPIC-Norfolk) population study. J Inter Med. 2004;255(2):247–256
  33. Tonelli M, Wiebe N, Culleton B, et al. Chronic kidney disease and mortality risk: a systematic review. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2006;17(7):2034–2047
  34. Modan B, Wagener DK. In: Some epidemiological aspects of stroke: mortality/morbidity trends, age, sex, race, socioeconomic status. 1992;p. 1230–1236
  35. Danaei G, Lawes CM, Vander Hoorn S, Murray CJ, Ezzati M. Global and regional mortality from ischaemic heart disease and stroke attributable to higher-than-optimum blood glucose concentration: comparative risk assessment. Lancet. 2006;368(9548):1651–1659
  36. Brown DW, Giles WH, Greenlund KJ. Blood pressure parameters and risk of fatal stroke, NHANES II mortality study. Am J Hypertens. 2007;20(3):338–341
  37. Pickering TG, Hall JE, Appel LJ, et al. In: Recommendations for blood pressure measurement in humans and experimental animals: part 1: blood pressure measurement in humans: a statement for professionals from the subcommittee of professional and public education of the American Heart Association Council on high blood pressure research. 2005;p. 142–161
  38. Bax L, Algra A, Mali WP, et al. Renal function as a risk indicator for cardiovascular events in 3216 patients with manifest arterial disease. Atherosclerosis. 2008;200(1):184–190
  39. Yuyun MF, Khaw KT, Luben R, et al. Microalbuminuria independently predicts all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in a British population: the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer in Norfolk (EPIC-Norfolk) population study. Int J Epidemiol. 2004;33(1):189–198
  40. Schiffrin EL, Lipman ML, Mann JF. Chronic kidney disease: effects on the cardiovascular system. Circulation. 2007;116(1):85–97
  41. Ovbiagele B. Microalbuminuria: risk factor and potential therapeutic target for stroke?. J Neurol Sci. 2008;271(1–2):21–28
  42. Ikram MA, Vernooij MW, Hofman A, Niessen WJ, van der Lugt A, Breteler MM. Kidney function is related to cerebral small vessel disease. Stroke. 2008;39:55–61
  43. Nanayakkara PW, Teerlink T, Stehouwer CD, et al. Plasma asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) concentration is independently associated with carotid intima-media thickness and plasma soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) concentration in patients with mild-to-moderate renal failure. Kidney Int. 2005;68(5):2230–2236
  44. Furchgott RF, Zawadzki JV. The obligatory role of endothelial cells in the relaxation of arterial smooth muscle by acetylcholine. Nature. 1980;288(5789):373–376
  45. Mann JF, Gerstein HC, Pogue J, Bosch J, Yusuf S. Renal insufficiency as a predictor of cardiovascular outcomes and the impact of ramipril: the HOPE randomized trial. Ann Intern Med. 2001;134(8):629–636
  46. Maschio G, Alberti D, Janin G, et al. Effect of the angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor benazepril on the progression of chronic renal insufficiency. The Angiotensin-Converting-Enzyme Inhibition in Progressive Renal Insufficiency Study Group. N Engl J Med. 1996;334(15):939–945
  47. Tonolo G, Ciccarese M, Brizzi P, et al. Reduction of albumin excretion rate in normotensive microalbuminuric type 2 diabetic patients during long-term simvastatin treatment. Diabetes Care. 1997;20(12):1891–1895
  48. Engstad T, Bonaa KH, Viitanen M. Validity of self-reported stroke: the Tromso Study. Stroke. 2000;31(7):1602–1607
  49. O'Mahony PG, Dobson R, Rodgers H, James OF, Thomson RG. Validation of a population screening questionnaire to assess prevalence of stroke. Stroke. 1995;26(8):1334–1337
  50. Corwin LE, Wolf PA, Kannel WB, McNamara PM. Accuracy of death certification of stroke: the Framingham Study. Stroke. 1982;13(6):818–821
  51. Lloyd-Jones DM, Martin DO, Larson MG, Levy D. Accuracy of death certificates for coding coronary heart disease as the cause of death. Ann Intern Med. 1998;129(12):1020–1026

PII: S0022-510X(09)00863-6

doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2009.09.020

Journal of the Neurological Sciences
Volume 288, Issue 1 , Pages 123-128 , 15 January 2010