Journal of the Neurological Sciences
Volume 287, Issue 1 , Pages 69-71 , 15 December 2009

Acute limbic encephalitis and glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies: A reality?

  • F. Blanc

      Affiliations

    • Services of Neuropsychology, Neurology and Epileptology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
    • LINC (Cognitive Neurosciences and Imagery Laboratory), UMR 7191, Strasbourg University and CNRS, Strasbourg, France
    • CMRR from Alsace (Memory Resource and Research Centre), Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Service of Neuropsychology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Strasbourg, 1, place de l'Hôpital. 67091, Strasbourg, France. Tel.: +33 388116892; fax: +33 388116343.
  • ,
  • E. Ruppert

      Affiliations

    • Services of Neuropsychology, Neurology and Epileptology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
  • ,
  • C. Kleitz

      Affiliations

    • Services of Neuropsychology, Neurology and Epileptology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
    • CMRR from Alsace (Memory Resource and Research Centre), Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
  • ,
  • M.P. Valenti

      Affiliations

    • Services of Neuropsychology, Neurology and Epileptology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
  • ,
  • B. Cretin

      Affiliations

    • Services of Neuropsychology, Neurology and Epileptology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
    • CMRR from Alsace (Memory Resource and Research Centre), Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
  • ,
  • R.L. Humbel

      Affiliations

    • Laboratory of Immuno-pathology, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
  • ,
  • J. Honnorat

      Affiliations

    • Department of Neurology, Neurological Hospital, Lyon, France
  • ,
  • I.J. Namer

      Affiliations

    • LINC (Cognitive Neurosciences and Imagery Laboratory), UMR 7191, Strasbourg University and CNRS, Strasbourg, France
    • Service of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
  • ,
  • E. Hirsch

      Affiliations

    • Services of Neuropsychology, Neurology and Epileptology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
    • LINC (Cognitive Neurosciences and Imagery Laboratory), UMR 7191, Strasbourg University and CNRS, Strasbourg, France
  • ,
  • L. Manning

      Affiliations

    • LINC (Cognitive Neurosciences and Imagery Laboratory), UMR 7191, Strasbourg University and CNRS, Strasbourg, France
  • ,
  • J. de Seze

      Affiliations

    • Services of Neuropsychology, Neurology and Epileptology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
    • LINC (Cognitive Neurosciences and Imagery Laboratory), UMR 7191, Strasbourg University and CNRS, Strasbourg, France

Received 7 May 2009 ,Revised 1 September 2009 ,Accepted 4 September 2009.

References 

  1. Gultekin SH, Rosenfeld MR, Voltz R, Eichen J, Posner JB, Dalmau J. Paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis: neurological symptoms, immunological findings and tumour association in 50 patients. Brain. 2000;123(Pt 7):1481–1494
  2. Honnorat J, Antoine JC, Derrington E, Aguera M, Belin MF. Antibodies to a subpopulation of glial cells and a 66kDa developmental protein in patients with paraneoplastic neurological syndromes. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1996;61(3):270–278
  3. Ances BM, Vitaliani R, Taylor RA, et al. Treatment-responsive limbic encephalitis identified by neuropil antibodies: MRI and PET correlates. Brain. 2005;128(Pt 8):1764–1777
  4. Lai M, Hughes EG, Peng X, et al. AMPA receptor antibodies in limbic encephalitis alter synaptic receptor location. Ann Neurol. 2009;
  5. Vincent A, Buckley C, Schott JM, et al. Potassium channel antibody-associated encephalopathy: a potentially immunotherapy-responsive form of limbic encephalitis. Brain. 2004;127(Pt 3):701–712
  6. Bataller L, Kleopa KA, Wu GF, Rossi JE, Rosenfeld MR, Dalmau J. Autoimmune limbic encephalitis in 39 patients: immunophenotypes and outcomes. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2007;78(4):381–385
  7. Saiz A, Blanco Y, Sabater L, et al. Spectrum of neurological syndromes associated with glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies: diagnostic clues for this association. Brain. 2008;131(Pt 10):2553–2563
  8. Knudsen A, Bredholt G, Storstein A, et al. Antibodies to CRMP3–4 associated with limbic encephalitis and thymoma. Clin Exp Immunol. 2007;149(1):16–22
  9. Graus F, Saiz A, Lai M, et al. Neuronal surface antigen antibodies in limbic encephalitis: clinical-immunologic associations. Neurology. 2008;71(12):930–936
  10. Mata S, Muscas GC, Naldi I, et al. Non-paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis associated with anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies. J Neuroimmunol. 2008;199(1–2):155–159
  11. Giometto B, Nicolao P, Macucci M, Tavolato B, Foxon R, Bottazzo GF. Temporal-lobe epilepsy associated with glutamic-acid-decarboxylase autoantibodies. Lancet. 1998;352(9126):457
  12. Marchiori GC, Vaglia A, Vianello M, Bardin PG, Giometto B. Encephalitis associated with glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies. Neurology. 2001;56(6):814
  13. Akman CI, Patterson MC, Rubinstein A, Herzog R. Limbic encephalitis associated with anti-GAD antibody and common variable immune deficiency. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2009;51(7):563–567
  14. Ferracci F, Carnevale A. The neurological disorder associated with thyroid autoimmunity. J Neurol. 2006;253(8):975–984
  15. Manto MU, Laute MA, Aguera M, Rogemond V, Pandolfo M, Honnorat J. Effects of anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies associated with neurological diseases. Ann Neurol. 2007;61(6):544–551
  16. Honnorat J, Saiz A, Giometto B, et al. Cerebellar ataxia with anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies: study of 14 patients. Arch Neurol. 2001;58(2):225–230
  17. Sloviter RS, Dichter MA, Rachinsky TL, et al. Basal expression and induction of glutamate decarboxylase and GABA in excitatory granule cells of the rat and monkey hippocampal dentate gyrus. J Comp Neurol. 1996;373(4):593–618
  18. Dinkel K, Meinck HM, Jury KM, Karges W, Richter W. Inhibition of gamma-aminobutyric acid synthesis by glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies in stiff-man syndrome. Ann Neurol. 1998;44(2):194–201
  19. Kanter IC, Huttner HB, Staykov D, et al. Cyclophosphamide for anti-GAD antibody-positive refractory status epilepticus. Epilepsia. 2008;49(5):914–920

PII: S0022-510X(09)00846-6

doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2009.09.004

Journal of the Neurological Sciences
Volume 287, Issue 1 , Pages 69-71 , 15 December 2009