Journal of the Neurological Sciences
Volume 238, Issue 1 , Pages 3-10 , 15 November 2005

Difference in neuropathogenetic mechanisms in human furious and paralytic rabies

  • Erawady Mitrabhakdi

      Affiliations

    • Neurology Division, Department of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University Hospital, Rama 4 Road, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Fax: +662 5612889.
    • ,
  • Shanop Shuangshoti

      Affiliations

    • Department of Pathology, Chulalongkorn University Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
    • ,
  • Pongsak Wannakrairot

      Affiliations

    • Department of Pathology, Chulalongkorn University Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
    • ,
  • Richard A. Lewis

      Affiliations

    • Department of Neurology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
    • ,
  • Keiichiro Susuki

      Affiliations

    • Department of Neurology, Dokkyo University School of Medicine, Mibu, Shimotsuga, Tochigi, Japan
    • ,
  • Jiraporn Laothamatas

      Affiliations

    • Department of Radiology, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
    • ,
  • Thiravat Hemachudha

      Affiliations

    • Neurology Division, Department of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University Hospital, Rama 4 Road, Bangkok 10330, Thailand

Received 9 April 2004 ,Revised 5 May 2005 ,Accepted 9 May 2005.

References 

  1. World Health Organization World survey of rabies number 34 (for the year 1998). Geneva: WHO; 2000;
  2. Hemachudha T, Laothamatas J, Rupprecht CE. Human rabies: a disease of complex neuropathogenetic mechanisms and diagnostic challenges. Lancet Neurol. 2002;1:101–109
  3. Hemachudha T, Mitrabhakdi E, Wilde H, Vejabhuti A, Siripataravanit S, Kingnate D. Additional reports of failure to respond to treatment after rabies exposure in Thailand. Clin Infect Dis. 1999;28:143–144
  4. Hemachudha T. Rabies. In:  Klawans HL editors. Handbook of clinical neurology. Viral disease. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science Publishers; 1989;p. 383–404
  5. Tsiang H. Pathophysiology of rabies virus infection of the nervous system. Adv Virus Res. 1993;42:375–412
  6. Charlton KM, Nadin-Davis S, Casey GA, Wandeler AI. The long incubation period in rabies: delayed progression of infection in muscle at the site of exposure. Acta Neuropathol (Berl). 1997;94:73–77
  7. Dean DJ, Evans WM, McClure RC. Pathogenesis of rabies. Bull WHO. 1963;29:803–811
  8. Baer GM, Shantha TR, Bourne GH. The pathogenesis of street rabies virus in rats. Bull WHO. 1968;38:119–125
  9. Tsiang H. Evidence for an intraaxonal transport of fixed and street rabies virus. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 1979;38:286–299
  10. Bulenga G, Heaney T. Post-exposure local treatment of mice infected with rabies with two axonal flow inhibitors, colchicine and vinblastine. J Gen Virol. 1978;39:381–385
  11. Lycke E, Tsiang H. Rabies virus infection of cultured rat sensory neurons. J Virol. 1987;61:2733–2741
  12. Tsiang H, Lycke E, Ceccaldi PE, Ermine A, Hirardot X. The anterograde transport of rabies virus in rat sensory dorsal root ganglia neurons. J Gen Virol. 1989;70:2075–2085
  13. Yamamoto T, Ohtani S. Ultrastructural localization of rabies virus antigens in infected trigeminal ganglion of hamsters. Acta Neuropathol (Berl). 1978;43:229–233
  14. Hemachudha T. Human rabies: clinical aspects, pathogenesis, and potential therapy. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 1994;187:121–143
  15. Charlton KM. The pathogenesis of rabies and other lyssaviral infections: recent studies. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 1994;187:95–119
  16. Charlton KM, Casey GA, Wandeler AI, Nadin-Davis S. Early events in rabies virus infection of the central nervous system in skunks (Mephitis mephitis). Acta Neuropathol. 1996;91:89–98
  17. Tirawatnpong S, Hemachudha T, Manutsathit S, Shuangshoti S, Phanthumchinda K, Phanuphak P. Regional distribution of rabies viral antigen in central nervous system of human encephalitic and paralytic rabies. J Neurol Sci. 1989;92:91–99
  18. Laothamatas J, Hemachudha T, Mitrabhakdi E, Wannakrairot P, Tulayadaechanont S. MR imaging in human rabies. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2003;24:1102–1109
  19. Chopra JS, Banerjee AK, Murthy JMK, Pal SR. Paralytic rabies: a clinicopathological study. Brain. 1980;103:789–802
  20. Tangchai P, Vejjajiva A. Pathology of the peripheral nervous system in human rabies: a study of nine autopsy cases. Brain. 1971;94:299–306
  21. Wacharapluesadee S, Hemachudha T. Nucleic-acid sequence based amplification in the rapid diagnosis of rabies. Lancet. 2001;358:892–893
  22. Kimura J. Electrodiagnosis in diseases of nerve and muscles: principles and practice. 3rd ed.. New York: Oxford University Press; 2002;
  23. Cornblath DR, Kuncl RW, Mellits ED, Quaskey SA, Clawson L, Pestronk A, et al. Nerve conduction studies in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Muscle Nerve. 1992;15:1111–1115
  24. Cornblath DR, Chaudhry V. Electrodiagnostic evaluation of the peripheral neuropathy patient. In:  Mendell JR,  Kissel JT,  Cornblath DR editor. Diagnosis and management of peripheral nerve disorders. New York: Oxford University Press; 2001;p. 30–37
  25. Cornblath DR. Electrophysiology in Guillain–Barre syndrome. Ann Neurol. 1990;(27 Suppl):S17–S20
  26. Asbury AK, Cornblath DR. Assessment of current diagnostic criteria for Guillain–Barre syndrome. Ann Neurol. 1990;(27 Suppl):S21–S24
  27. Yuki N, Tagawa Y, Irie F, Hirabayashi Y, Handa S. Close association of Guillain–Barre syndrome with antibodies to minor monosialogangliosides GM1b and GM1 alpha. J Neuroimmunol. 1997;74:30–34
  28. Hemachudha T, Wacharapluesadee S, Lumlertdaecha B, Orciari LA, Rupprecht CE, La-Ongpant M, et al. Sequence analysis of rabies virus in humans exhibiting encephalitic or paralytic rabies. J Infect Dis. 2003;188:960–966
  29. McDonald WI. The effects of experimental demyelination on conduction in peripheral nerve: a histological and electrophysiological study: I. Clinical and Histological Observations. Brain. 1963;86:481–500
  30. Brown WF, Feasby TE. Conduction block and denervation in Guillain–Barre polyneuropathy. Brain. 1984;107(Pt. 1):219–239
  31. Mills KR, Murray NM. Proximal conduction block in early Guillain–Barre syndrome. Lancet. 1985;2:659
  32. Cornblath DR, Mellits ED, Griffin JW, McKhann GM, Albers JW, Miller RG, et al. Motor conduction studies in Guillain–Barre syndrome: description and prognostic value. Ann Neurol. 1988;23:354–359
  33. Albers JW, Kelly JJ. Acquired inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathies: clinical and electrodiagnostic features. Muscle Nerve. 1989;12:435–451
  34. Johnson RT, Cornblath DR. Poliomyelitis and flaviviruses. Ann Neurol. 2003;53:691–692
  35. Li J, Loeb JA, Shy ME, Shah AK, Tselis AC, Kupski WJ, et al. Asymmetric flaccid paralysis: a neuromuscular presentation of West Nile virus infection. Ann Neurol. 2003;53:703–710
  36. Leis AA, Stokic DS, Polk JL, Dostrow V, Winkelmann M. A poliomyelitis-like syndrome from West Nile virus infection. N Engl J Med. 2002;347:1279–1280
  37. Glass JD, Samuels O, Rich MM. Poliomyelitis due to West Nile virus. N Engl J Med. 2002;347:1280–1281
  38. Griffin JW, Cornblath DR, Alexander E, Campbell J, Low PA, Bird S, et al. Ataxic sensory neuropathy and dorsal root ganglionitis associated with Sjogren's syndrome. Ann Neurol. 1990;27:304–315
  39. Nathwani D, McIntyre PG, White K, Shearer AJ, Reynolds N, Walker D, et al. Fatal human rabies caused by European bat Lyssavirus type 2a infection in Scotland. Clin Infect Dis. 2003;37:598–601
  40. Sheikh KA, Jackson AC, Ramos-Alvarez M, Li CY, Ho TW, Asbury AK, et al. Paralytic rabies: immune attack on nerve fibres containing axonally transported viral proteins (abstract). Neurology. 1998;501:183
  41. Hemachudha T, Sunsaneewitayakul B, Mitrabhakdi E, Suankratay C, Laothamathas J, Wacharapluesadee S, et al. Paralytic complications following intravenous rabies immune globulin treatment in a patient with furious rabies. Int J Infect Dis. 2003;7:76–77
  42. Sriwanthana B, Hemachudha T, Griffin DE, Manutsathit S, Tweardy D, Phanuphak P, et al. Lymphocyte subsets in human encephalitic and paralytic rabies. Acta Neurol Scand. 1989;80:287–289

PII: S0022-510X(05)00188-7

doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2005.05.004

Journal of the Neurological Sciences
Volume 238, Issue 1 , Pages 3-10 , 15 November 2005

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution