Journal of the Neurological Sciences
Volume 226, Issue 1 , Pages 63-66 , 15 November 2004

Treatment of vascular dementia—evidence from clinical trials with cholinesterase inhibitors

  • Timo Erkinjuntti

      Affiliations

    • Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Tel.: +358 9 471 7 2352; fax: +358 9 471 7 2353.
    • ,
  • Gustavo Román

      Affiliations

    • University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio and the A. Murphy Veterans Administration Hospital, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
    • ,
  • Serge Gauthier

      Affiliations

    • MCSA Alzheimer's Disease Research Unit, McGill Centre for Studies on Aging, Montreal, PQ, Canada

References 

  1. Vinters HV, Ellis WG, Zarow C, Zaias BW, Jagust WJ, Mack WJ, et al. Neuropathologic substrates of ischemic vascular dementia. J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol. 2000;60:658–659
  2. Selden NR, Gitelman DR, Salamon-Murayama N, Parrsh TB, Mesulam MM. Trajectories of cholinergic pathways within the cerebral hemispheres of the human brain. Brain. 1998;121:2249–2257
  3. Mesulam M, Siddique T, Cohen B. Cholinergic denervation in a pure multi-infarct state: observations on CADASIL. Neurology. 2003;60:1183–1185
  4. Togashi H, Matsumoto K, Yoshida M. Neurochemical profiles in cerebrospinal fluid of stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat. Neurosci. Lett. 1994;166:117–120
  5. Freidle RL. A comparative histochemical mapping of the distribution of butrylcholinesterase in the brains of four species of animals, including man. Acta Anat (Basel). 1967;66:161–177
  6. Court JA, Perry EK, Kalaria RN. Neurotransmitter control of the cerebral vasculature and abnormalities in vascular dementia. In:  Erkinjuntti T,  Gauthier S editor. Vascular cognitive impairment. London: Martin Dunitz; 2002;p. 167–185
  7. Winblad B, Brodaty H, Gauthier S, Morris JC, Orgogozo JM, Rockwood K, et al. Pharmacotherapy of Alzheimer's disease: is there a need to redefine treatment success ?. Int. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry. 2001;16:388–390
  8. Pratt RD, Perdomo CA. The Donepezil VaD 307 and 308 Study Groups. Donepezil-treated patients with probable vascular dementia demonstrate cognitive benefits. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 2002;977:513–522
  9. Black S, Román GC, Geldmacher DS, Salloway S, Hecker J, Burns A, et al. Efficacy and tolerability of donepezil in vascular dementia. Positive results of a 24-week, multicenter, international, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Stroke. 2003;34:2323–2332
  10. Wilkinson D, Doody R, Helme R, Taubman K, Minzer J, Kertesz A, et al. Donepezil in vascular dementia. A randomized, placebo-controlled study. Neurology. 2003;61:479–486
  11. Román GC, Tatemichi TK, Erkinjuntti T, Cummings JL, Masdeu JC, Garcia JH, et al. Vascular dementia: diagnostic criteria for research studies. Report of the NINDS-AIREN International Work Group. Neurology. 1993;43:250–260
  12. Erkinjuntti T, Kurz A, Gauthier S, Bullock R, Lilienfeld S, ChandrasekharRao VD. Efficacy of galantamine in probable vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease combined with cerebrovascular disease: a randomised trial. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 2002;359:1283–1290
  13. McKhann G, Drachman D, Folstein M, Katzman R, Price D, Stadlan EM. Clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease: report of the NINCDS-ADRDA Work Group under the auspices of Department of Health and Human Services Task Force on Alzheimer's Disease. Neurology. 1984;34(7):939–944
  14. Erkinjuntti T, Kurz A, Small GW, Bullock R, Lilienfeld S, Damaraju CV. An open-label extension trial of galantamine in patients with probable vascular dementia and mixed dementia. Clin. Ther. 2003;25(6):1765–1782
  15. Small G, Erkinjuntti T, Kurz A, Lilienfeld S. Galantamine in the treatment of cognitive decline in patients with vascular dementia or Alzheimer's disease with cerebrovascular disease. CNS Drugs. 2003;17:905–914
  16. Erkinjuntti T. Cognitive decline and treatment options for patients with vascular dementia. Acta Neurol. Scand. 2002;106(Suppl. 178):15–18
  17. Kurz AF, Erkinjuntti T, Small GW, Lilienfeld S, Venkata Damarju CR. Long-term safety and cognitive effects of galantamine in the treatment of probable vascular dementia or Alzheimer's disease with cerebrovascular disease. Eur. J. Neurol. 2003;10:640–663
  18. Moretti R, Torre P, Antonello RM, Cazzato G. Rivastigmine in subcortical vascular dementia: a comparison trial on efficacy and tolerability for 12 months follow-up. Eur. J. Neurol. 2001;8:361–362
  19. Moretti R, Torre P, Antonello RM, Cazzato G, Bava A. Rivastigmine in subcortical vascular dementia: an open 22-month study. J. Neurol. Sci. 2002;203:141–146
  20. Kumar V, Anand R, Messian J. An efficacy and safety analysis of Exelon in Alzheimer's disease with concurrent vascular risk factors. Eur. J. Neurol. 2000;7:159–169
  21. Erkinjuntti T, Skoog I, Lane R, Andrews C. Rivastigmine in patients with Alzheimer's disease and concurrent hypertension. Int. J. Clin. Pract. 2002;56:791–796

PII: S0022-510X(04)00295-3

doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2004.09.018

Journal of the Neurological Sciences
Volume 226, Issue 1 , Pages 63-66 , 15 November 2004

Article Tools