Journal of the Neurological Sciences
Volume 205, Issue 1 , Pages 59-63 , 15 December 2002

Botulinum toxin A and the cutaneous nociception in humans: A prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized study

  • Wendelin Blersch

      Affiliations

    • Department of Neurology, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 84, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
    • ,
  • Wilhelm J Schulte-Mattler

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Tel.: +49-941-941-3311; fax: +49-941-941-3005.
    • Department of Neurology, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 84, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
    • ,
  • Saskia Przywara

      Affiliations

    • Department of Neurology, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 84, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
    • ,
  • Arne May

      Affiliations

    • Department of Neurology, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 84, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
    • ,
  • Hans Bigalke

      Affiliations

    • Institute of Toxicology, Medical School of Hannover, Germany
    • ,
  • Kai Wohlfarth

      Affiliations

    • Department of Neurology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany

Received 13 May 2002 ,Revised 30 July 2002 ,Accepted 5 August 2002.

References 

  1. Scott AB, Rosenbaum A, Collins C. Pharmacological weakening of extra-ocular muscles. Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 1973;12:924–927
  2. Stanley EF, Drachman DB. Botulinum toxin blocks quantal but not non-quantal release of Ach at the neuromuscular junction. Brain Res. 1983;261:172–175
  3. Tsui JK, Eisen A, Stoessl AJ, Calne S, Calne DB. Double-blind study of botulinum toxin in spasmodic torticollis. Lancet. 1986;2(8501):245–247
  4. Schulte-Mattler WJ, Wieser T, Zierz S. Treatment of tension-type headache with botulinum toxin: a pilot study. Eur. J. Med. Res. 1999;4:183–186
  5. Silberstein S, Mathew N, Saper J, Jenkins S. Botulinum toxin type A as a migraine preventive treatment. (For the BOTOX Migraine Clinical Research Group) Headache. 2000;40:445–450
  6. Porta M. A comparative trial of botulinum toxin A and methylprednisolone for the treatment of tension type headache. Curr. Rev. Pain. 2000;4:31–35
  7. Klapper JA, Mathew NT, Klapper A, Kailasam J. Botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) for the prophylaxis of chronic daily headache. Cephalalgia. 2000;20:292–293
  8. Freund BJ, Schwartz M. Treatment of chronic cervical-associated headache with botulinum toxin A: a pilot study. Headache. 2000;40:231–236
  9. Foster L, Clapp L, Marleigh E, Jabbari B. Botulinum toxin A and chronic low back pain. Neurology. 2001;56:1290–1293
  10. Hyman N, Barnes M, Bhakta B, Cozens A, Bakheit M, Kreczy-Kleedorfer B, et al.  Botulinum toxin (Dysport®) treatment of hip adductor spasticity in multiple sclerosis: a prospective, randomised, double blind, placebo controlled, dose ranging study. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry. 2000;68:707–712
  11. Hallet M. How does botulinum toxin work. Ann. Neurol. 2000;48:7–8
  12. Aoki KR. Pharmacology and immunology of botulinum toxin serotypes. J. Neurol. 2001;248(Suppl. 1):I/3–I/10
  13. Kelm S, Gerats G, Chalkiadaki A, Hefter H. Reduktion von Schmerzen und Muskelspannung durch Botulinum-Toxin A. Nervenarzt. 2001;72:302–306
  14. Fowler CJ, Sitzoglou K, Ali Z, Halonen P. The conduction velocities of peripheral nerve fibres conveying sensations of warming and cooling. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry. 1988;51:1164–1170
  15. Martin JH, Jessel TM. Modality coding in the somatic sensory system. In:  Kandel ER,  Schwartz JH,  Jessel TM editor. Principles of Neural Science. 3rd ed.. East Norwalk, CT: Appleton & Lange; 1991;p. 332–340
  16. Yarnitsky D, Ochoa JL. Warm and cold specific somatosensory systems. Psychophysical thresholds, reaction times and peripheral conduction velocities. Brain. 1991;114:1819–1826
  17. Susser E, Sprecher E, Yarnitsky D. Paradoxical heat sensation in healthy subjects: peripherally conducted by Aδ or c fibres?. Brain. 1999;122:239–246
  18. Campero M, Serra J, Bostock H, Ochoa JL. Slowly conducting afferents activated by innocuous low temperature in human skin. J. Physiol. (Lond.). 2001;535.3:855–865
  19. Campero M, Serra J, Ochoa JL. C polymodal nociceptors activated by noxious low temperature in human skin. J. Physiol. (Lond.). 1996;497:565–572
  20. White D, Helme RD. Release of substance P from peripheral nerve terminals following electrical stimulation of sciatic nerve. Brain Res. 1985;336:27
  21. Ishikawa H, Mitsui Y, Yoshitomi T, Mashimo K, Aoki S, Mukuno K, et al.  Presynaptic effects of botulinum toxin type A on the neuronally evoked response of albino and pigmented rabbit iris sphincter and dilatator muscles. Jpn. J. Ophthalmol. 2000;44:106–109
  22. Welch MJ, Purkiss JR, Foster KA. Sensitivity of embryonic rat dorsal root ganglia neurons to Clostridium botulinum neurotoxins. Toxicon. 2000;38(2):245–258
  23. Yarnitsky D, Ochoa JL. Studies of heat pain sensation in man: perception thresholds, rate of stimulus rise and reaction time. Pain. 1990;40:85–91
  24. Yarnitsky D, Sprecher E, Zaslansky R, Hemli JA. Heat pain thresholds: normative data and repeatability. Pain. 1995;60:329–332
  25. Yarnitsky D. Quantitative sensory testing. Muscle Nerve. 1997;20:198–204
  26. Kaube H, Katsarava Z, Käufer T, Diener HC, Ellrich J. A new method to increase nociception specificity of the human blink reflex. Clin. Neurophysiol. 2000;111:413–416
  27. Hagander LG, Midani HA, Kuskowski MA, Parry GJG. Quantitative sensory testing: effect of site and skin temperature on thermal thresholds. Clin. Neurophysiol. 2000;111:17–22
  28. Stevens JC, Choo KK. Temperature sensitivity of the body surface over life span. Somatosens. Motor Res. 1998;15(2):13–28
  29. Harrison JL, Davis KD. Cold-evoked pain varies with skin type and cooling rate: a psychophysical study in humans. Pain. 1999;83(2):123–135
  30. Meier PM, Berde CB, DiCanzio J, Zurakowski D, Sethna NF. Quantitative assessment of cutaneous thermal and vibration sensation and thermal pain detection thresholds in healthy children and adolescents. Muscle Nerve. 2001;24:1339–1345
  31. Heckmann M, Ceballos-Baumann AO, Plewig G. Botulinum toxin A for axillary hyperhidrosis. N. Engl. J. Med. 2001;344:488–493
  32. Laubis-Herrmann U, Fries K, Topka H. Low-dose botulinum toxin-a treatment of cervical dystonia—a double-blind, randomized pilot study. Eur. Neurol. 2002;47:214–221
  33. Wohlfarth K, Goschel H, Frevert J, Dengler R, Bigalke H. Botulinum A toxins: units versus units. Naunyn Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 1997;355:335–340
  34. May A, Shepheard SL, Knorr M, Effert R, Wessing A, Hargreaves RJ, et al.  Retinal plasma extravasation in animals but not in humans: implications for the pathophysiology of migraine. Brain. 1998;121:1231–1237

PII: S0022-510X(02)00313-1

Journal of the Neurological Sciences
Volume 205, Issue 1 , Pages 59-63 , 15 December 2002

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution