Journal of the Neurological Sciences
Volume 200, Issue 1 , Pages 67-73 , 15 August 2002

Alteration of midkine expression in the ischemic brain of humans

  • Manabu Wada

      Affiliations

    • Department of Neuropathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Neuroscience, 2-6 Musashidai, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8526, Japan
    • Third Department of Internal Medicine, Yamagata University, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
    • Department of Neurology, Tokyo Metropolitan Neurological Hospital, Tokyo 183-0042, Japan
    • ,
  • Makiko Kamata

      Affiliations

    • Section of Biosignals, R&D Center, BML, Saitama 350-1101, Japan
    • ,
  • Yoshinori Aizu

      Affiliations

    • Section of Biosignals, R&D Center, BML, Saitama 350-1101, Japan
    • ,
  • Takashi Morita

      Affiliations

    • Department of Pathology, Shinrakuen Hospital, Niigata 950-2087, Japan
    • ,
  • Jianguo Hu

      Affiliations

    • Section of Biosignals, R&D Center, BML, Saitama 350-1101, Japan
    • Present address: Fuji Photo Optical Co. LTD, Saitama 330-8624, Japan.
    • ,
  • Kiyomitsu Oyanagi

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Tel.: +81-42-325-3881x4711; fax: +81-42-321-8678
    • Department of Neuropathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Neuroscience, 2-6 Musashidai, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8526, Japan

Received 28 November 2001 ,Revised 25 March 2002 ,Accepted 9 May 2002.

References 

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  2. Merenmies J, Rauvala H. Molecular cloning of the 18-kDa growth-associated protein of developing brain. J. Biol. Chem. 1990;265:16721–16724
  3. Rauvala H. An 18-kDa heparin-binding protein of developing brain that is distinct from fibroblast growth factor. EMBO J. 1989;8:2933–2941
  4. Mitsiadis TA, Salmivirta M, Muramatsu T, Muramatsu H, Rauvala H, Lehtonen E, et al.  Expression of the heparin-binding cytokines, midkine (MK) and HB-GAM (pleiotrophin) is associated with epithelial–mesenchymal interactions during fetal development and organogenesis. Development. 1995;121:37–51
  5. Muramatsu T. The midkine family of growth/differentiation factors. Dev. Growth Differ. 1994;36:1–8
  6. Muramatsu T, Shirahata H, Yonezawa S, Maruta H, Muramatsu T. Midkine (MK), a retinoic acid-inducible growth/differentiation factor: immunochemical evidence for the function and distribution. Dev. Biol. 1993;159:392–402
  7. Kikuchi S, Muramatsu H, Muramatsu T, Kim SU. Midkine, a novel neurotrophic factor, promotes survival of mesencephalic neurons in culture. Neurosci. Lett. 1993;160:9–12
  8. Michikawa M, Kikuchi S, Muramatsu H, Muramatsu T, Kim SU. Retinoic acid responsive gene product, midkine (MK), has neurotrophic functions for mouse spinal cord and dorsal root ganglion neurons in culture. J. Neurosci. Res. 1993;35:530–539
  9. Kadomatsu K, Huang RP, Suganuma T, Murata F, Muramatsu T. A retinoic acid responsive gene MK found in the teratocarcinoma system is expressed in a spatially and temporally controlled manner during mouse embryogenesis. J. Cell Biol. 1990;110:607–616
  10. Mochizuki R, Takeda A, Sato N, Kimpara T, Onodera H, Itoyama Y, et al.  Induction of midkine expression in reactive astrocytes following rat transient forebrain ischemia. Exp. Neurol. 1998;149:73–78
  11. Wang S-Y, Yoshida Y, Goto M, Moritoyo T, Tsutsumi J-I, Izumo S, et al.  Midkine exists in astrocytes in the early stage of cerebral infarction. Dev. Brain Res. 1998;106:205–209
  12. Yoshida Y, Goto M, Tsutsumi J-I, Ozawa M, Sato E, Osame M, et al.  Midkine is present in the early stage of cerebral infarct. Dev. Brain Res. 1995;85:25–30
  13. Chuaqui R, Tapia J. Histologic assessment of the age of recent brain infarcts in man. J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol. 1993;52:481–489
  14. Mashoour GA, Ratner N, Khan GA, Wang H-L, Martuza RL, Kurtz A. The angiogenic factor midkine is aberrantly expressed in NF1-deficient Schwann cells and is a mitogen for neurofibroma-derived cells. Oncogene. 2001;20:97–105
  15. Yasuhara O, Muramatsu H, Kim SU, Muramatsu T, Maruta H, McGeer PL. Midkine, a novel neurotrophic factor, is present in senile plaques of Alzheimer disease. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 1993;192:246–251
  16. Ikuta F, Yoshida Y, Ohama E, Oyanagi K, Takeda S, Yamazaki K, et al.  Revised pathophysiology on BBB damage: the edema as an ingeniously provided condition for cell motility and lesion repair. Acta Neuropathol., Suppl. 1983;VIII:103–110
  17. Satoh J, Muramatsu H, Moretto G, Muramatsu T, Chang HJ, Kim S, et al.  Midkine that promotes survival of human neurons is produced by fetal human astrocytes in culture. Dev. Brain Res. 1993;75:201–205
  18. Kato S, Ishihara K, Shinozawa T, Yamaguchi H, Asano Y, Saito M, et al.  Monoclonal antibody to human midkine reveals increased midkine expression in human brain tumors. J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol. 1999;58:430–441
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PII: S0022-510X(02)00134-X

Journal of the Neurological Sciences
Volume 200, Issue 1 , Pages 67-73 , 15 August 2002

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